Composition refers to taking photographs that are well balanced, well proportioned and interesting.
The “Rule of Thirds” is probably the simplest and most effective of the rules of composition. The rule of thirds places imaginary lines over an image – dividing it by thirds both vertically and horizontally. Using the rule of thirds promotes both balance and proportion. By placing the main object of interest on any one point where they converge, the image is said to have the strongest impact. In fact the object of focus should always be off center, to the left or right of the frame.
Horizons should also be placed along either the top or bottom third line rather than the middle. This creates a more effective image.
The lines can also help the photographer to balance the image with objects and/or areas in the frame distributed evenly.
Point of view is also an important part of composition – photographs taken at eyelevel tend to be common to snapshots but by changing the viewpoint to below the waist or above the head can achieve a more interesting picture and capture details not usually seen or eliminate background distractions. When photographing children, there are two ways to approach the subject, either as an adult looking down into the child’s world, or at the child’s own eye level. The second type of photograph usually has more impact, especially where eye contact with the camera is natural.
Composition techniques that improve photography include the use of leading lines, patterns and framing. Leading lines can give a photo a sense of movement or depth where the viewer’s eye is drawn into the image. The line of vision of a subject in the photograph can also direct the viewer’s eye. Moving subjects should also be given space to ‘move’ in to, a technique that creates a natural line.
Framing focuses the attention on the main subject and stops the viewer’s attention from drifting. Natural frames such overhanging branches or structures such as arches and windows are ideal framing elements.
The effectiveness of a final photograph relies on the skillful use of all these types of compositional techniques where they are applied.
Photoinf.com Composition and the Elements of Visual Design in Photograhy
PCPhotoMag The Digital Advantage in Composition
Fodors.com Focus on composition
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